Product overview
Name | ROCK inhibitor Y-27632 |
Description | Y-27632 is a selective ROCK inhibitor. Frequently used 3D growth matrix component and for production of organoids. Also used when inducing neurons from fibroblasts. |
Alternative names | Y27632 dihydrochloride |
Purity | >99% |
Customer comments | The ROCK inhibitor Y-27632 is working as expected. Verified customer, University of Louisville Worked well just as it should do. Kept me informed of when product would be delivered and notified me when delivered. Good packaging and data sheet. Easy to dissolve and use and it worked! Verified customer, University of Cardiff |
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Biological Data
Biological description | The ROCK inhibitor Y-27632 is a selective and cell permeable inhibitor of the Rho-associated protein kinase (ROCK) (Ki values are 0.14, 26 ,25 and >250 µM at p160ROCK, PKC, PKA and MLCK respectively).
It is frequently used as a 3D growth matrix component and for production of organoids (e.g. brain organoids). |
Application notes | Introduction Rho kinase (Rho-associated coiled coil protein kinase or ROCK) is a major downstream effector for the small GTP-binding protein Rho [1]. Rho kinase is involved in various biological processes including cell mitosis adhesion, cytoskeletal adjustments, muscle cell contraction, tumor cell invasion and a series of cell biological phenomena [2]. Through a series of cascading effects, Rho kinase influences actin and microtubule regulation of apoptosis and thus plays a key role in early embryonic development [3].The Rho kinase signalling pathway is highly activated in many pathological conditions [4]. Rock inhibitor Y-27632 is a Rho kinase inhibitor which selectively inhibits p160ROCK (ROCK1) with a Ki value of 140 nM and binds to the Rho kinase ATP binding pocket in an ATP-competitive manner [5]. Uses Y-27632 has been shown to have a diverse range of actions and has been used in a variety of biological systems. It is the most commonly used of the ROCK inhibitors in stem cell research and is used as a multifunctional reagent in many stem cell related processes [6]. Y-27632 demonstrates many positive effects across various cell types, in particular human embryonic stem cells (hESCs) and human induced pluripotent stem cells (hiPSCs) [7] and has greatly improved a number of practical stem cell procedures [8]. For example it has been shown that Y-27632 increases cell adhesion and proliferation and increases post-thaw cell survival and post-passaging cell viability [9,10]. Cellular dissociation Cell dissociation is one of the most common manipulations in stem cell research. During cellular dissociation both hESC and hIPSCs are vulnerable to dissociation-induced apoptosis or anoikis (a form of apoptosis induced by inappropriate cell-cell or cell-ECM interactions) [3,11]. Y-27632 is of particular interest as it allows hPSCs to escape this dissociation-induced apoptosis. Y-27632 prevents apoptosis of dissociated hPSCs and increases their survival rate and plating efficiency [11]. Cryopreservation Cryopreservation is also an important part of stem cell research. Y-27632 improves the recovery of cryopreserved hPSCs and has greatly helped simplify the cryopreservation procedure. The slow-freezing and rapid-thawing procedure which uses DMSO as a cryoprotectant is commonly used in stem cell cryopreservation, however this method is not suitable for hPSCs, therefore vitrification (fast freezing, slow thawing) is used [12]. Vitrified hPSCs do however still suffer from high levels of cell death and do not passage well as single cells [11]. The addition of Y-27632 to freezing and post-thawing medium enhances colony formation efficiency and treatment with Y-27632 during cryopreservation also increases survival rate and cell adhesion of freeze-thawed dissociated hES [12]. |
Solubility & Handling
Storage instructions | Room temperature (desiccate) |
Solubility overview | Soluble in water (100mM), PBS (100mM), DMSO (100mM) |
Handling |
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Important | This product is for RESEARCH USE ONLY and is not intended for therapeutic or diagnostic use. Not for human or veterinary use. |
Chemical Data
Chemical name | trans-4-[(1R)-1-Aminoethyl]-N-4-pyridinylcyclohexanecarboxamide dihydrochloride |
Molecular Weight | 320.26 |
Chemical structure | |
Molecular Formula | C14H21N3O.2HCl |
CAS Number | 129830-38-2 |
PubChem identifier | 9901617 |
SMILES | C[C@H](C1CCC(CC1)C(=O)NC2=CC=NC=C2)N.Cl.Cl |
Source | Synthetic |
InChi | InChI=1S/C14H21N3O.2ClH/c1-10(15)11-2-4-12(5-3-11)14(18)17-13-6-8-16-9-7-13;;/h6-12H,2-5,15H2,1H3,(H,16,17,18);2*1H/t10-,11?,12?;;/m1../s1 |
InChiKey | IDDDVXIUIXWAGJ-DDSAHXNVSA-N |
MDL number | MFCD03490488 |
Appearance | White solid |
References for ROCK inhibitor Y-27632
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3, ROCK inhibitor Y27632 promotes proliferation and diminishes apoptosis of marmoset induced pluripotent stem cells by suppressing expression and activity of caspase 3.
Wu et al (2016) Theriogenology 85(2) : 302-14 -
10, Effect of Rho-kinase Inhibitor, Y27632, on Porcine Corneal Endothelial Cell Culture, Inflammation and Immune Regulation.
Lee et al (2016) Ocul Immunol Inflamm 24(5) : 579-93 -
4, Detrimental effect of post Status Epilepticus treatment with ROCK inhibitor Y-27632 in a ... model of temporal lobe epilepsy.
Kourdougli et al (2015) Front Cell Neurosci. 9 : 413 -
9, Failure of Y-27632 to improve the culture of adult human adipose-derived stem cells.
Lamas et al (2015) Stem Cells Cloning 8 : 15-26 -
6, Reprogram or reboot: small molecule approaches for the production of induced pluripotent stem cells and direct cell reprogramming.
Jung et al (2014) ACS Chem Biol 9(1) : 80-95
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CRISPR-Cas9-Mediated Gene Editing in Human Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells
in ’t Groen et al (2021) CRISPR-Cas Methods. Springer Protocols Handbooks. : 235-264 -
An Improved Scalable Hydrogel Dish for Spheroid Culture
Valdoz et al (2021) Life (Basel) 11(6) : 517PubMedID: 34204955 -
Neuroepithelial organoid patterning is mediated by Wnt-driven Turing mechanism
Fattah et al (2021) bioRxiv Preprint : https://www.biorxiv.org/content/ -
Defective AMPA-mediated synaptic transmission and morphology in human neurons with hemizygous SHANK3 deletion engrafted in mouse prefrontal cortex
Chiola et al (2021) Mol Psychiatry. doi: 10.1038/s41380-021-01023-2. : Online ahead of printPubMedID: 33558651 -
An automatic cell culture platform for differentiation of human induced pluripotent stem cells
Pitingolo et al (2020) Microelectronic Engineering : 111371