Kynurenic acid sodium salt

(HB0363)
Technical documents: SDS CoA Datasheet

Product overview

Name Kynurenic acid sodium salt
Purity >98%
Customer comments

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Description Endogenous ionotropic glutamate / nicotinic antagonist. Sodium salt.
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Images

Figure 1. Kynurenic acid sodium salt inhibition of evoked NMDAR mediated EPSCs in mouse cortical neuron

Kynurenic acid is commonly used as an AMPA/NMDA receptor antagonist. Kynurenic acid is commonly used at concentration of 10 mM. Kynurenic acid sodium salt from Hello Bio rapidly inhibits both NMDA and AMPA mediated spontaneous and evoked EPSCs at concentrations of 10 mM. For assay protocol, see #Protocol 1 in Application Notes below.

Inhibition of AMPA and NMDA mediated responses by kynurenic acid

Kynurenic acid is commonly used as an AMPA/NMDA receptor antagonist. Kynurenic acid is commonly used at concentration of 10 mM. Kynurenic acid sodium salt from Hello Bio rapidly inhibits both NMDA and AMPA mediated spontaneous and evoked EPSCs at concentrations of 10 mM. For assay protocol, see #Protocol 1 in Application Notes below.

Figure 2. Percentage inhibiton of glutamate (30 µM) stimulated increase of Ca2+ fluorescence in HEK293 cells expressing GluK2

See Alt et al., 2004 for methodology and protocol
Kynurenic acid sodium salt: Scientist Approved
Kynurenic acid sodium salt product vial image | Hello Bio

Biological Data

Biological description Endogenous, non-selective ionotropic glutamate receptor antagonist which acts as a non-competitive glycine site NMDAR antagonist. Also an α7 nicotinic receptor antagonist and GPR35 ligand. Sodium salt. Blocks kainic acid neurotoxicity and displays neuroprotective, antiproliferative and antimigrative properties.
Application notes

Kynurenic acid is commonly used as an AMPA/NMDA receptor antagonist. Kynurenic acid is commonly used at concentration of 10mM. Kynurenic acid from Hello Bio rapidly inhibits both NMDA and AMPA mediated spontaneous and evoked EPSCs at concentrations of 10mM (see Fig 1 above).

 

#Protocol 1: Evoked NMDA receptor currents

  • Whole cell voltage clamp recordings were obtained from layer V neurons of the mouse prelimbic cortex brain slice.
  • NMDA currents were evoked via a stimulating electrode placed in layers II/III and evoked by a single square (150 μs) pulse every 10 sec at a stimulus intensity that gave a reliable NMDA current.
  • Neurons were held a +40 mV to relieve NMDA currents from their voltage-dependent Mg2+ block.
  • NMDA currents were continually stimulated and recorded in response to continual bath applications of NMDAR antagonists until NMDA currents were completely abolished. If the concentration was not effective an addition experiment was conducted using an alternative concentration.
  • All NMDAR recordings were made in the presence of GABAA-R and AMPAR antagonists.

 

 

Solubility & Handling

Storage instructions Room temperature (desiccate)
Solubility overview Soluble in water (100mM) or DMSO (50mM)
Important This product is for RESEARCH USE ONLY and is not intended for therapeutic or diagnostic use. Not for human or veterinary use.

Calculators

Molarity

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Dilution

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Chemical Data

Purity >98%
Chemical name 4-Hydroxyquinoline-2-carboxylic acid sodium salt
Molecular Weight 211.15
Chemical structure Kynurenic acid sodium salt  [2439-02-3] Chemical Structure
Molecular Formula C10H6NNaO3
CAS Number 2439-02-3
PubChem identifier 52974250
SMILES C1=CC=C2C(=C1)C(=O)C=C(N2)C(=O)[O-].[Na+]
Source Synthetic
InChi InChI=1S/C10H7NO3.Na/c12-9-5-8(10(13)14)11-7-4-2-1-3-6(7)9;/h1-5H,(H,11,12)(H,13,14);/q;+1/p-1
InChiKey RCAZGXKUQDXSSK-UHFFFAOYSA-M
MDL number MFCD00006753
Appearance Pale solid

References for Kynurenic acid sodium salt

References are publications that support the biological activity of the product
  • Kynurenic acid inhibits proliferation and migration of human glioblastoma T98G cells.

    Walczak K et al (2014) Pharmacol Rep 66(1) : 130-6.
  • Pharmacological characterization of glutamatergic agonists and antagonists at recombinant human homomeric and heteromeric kainate receptors in vitro.

    Alt et al (2004) Neuropharmacology 46(6) : 793-806
  • 6-Hydroxykynurenic acid and kynurenic acid differently antagonise AMPA and NMDA receptors in hippocampal neurones.

    Weber M et al (2001) J Neurochem 77(4) : 1108-15.
  • Kynurenate is neuroprotective following experimental brain injury in the rat.

    Hicks RR et al (1994) Brain Res 655(1-2) : 91-6.

4 Item(s)

Publications
These publications cite the use of Kynurenic acid sodium salt purchased from Hello Bio:
  • The physiological and functional characterisation of the subpallial dopaminergic neurons in larval zebrafish

    Rimmer et al (2019) Leicester University : Thesis

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