Product overview
| Name | Kynurenic acid sodium salt |
| Purity | >98% |
| Customer comments | Good and convenient. The substance we purchased (Kynurenic acid sodium salt) showed good chemical quality and much more convenient in respect to other sellers. Ordering is very easy and shipment is fast and safe. Verified customer, Unife |
| Description | Endogenous ionotropic glutamate / nicotinic antagonist. Sodium salt. |
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Images
Figure 1. Kynurenic acid sodium salt inhibition of evoked NMDAR mediated EPSCs in mouse cortical neuron
Kynurenic acid is commonly used as an AMPA/NMDA receptor antagonist. Kynurenic acid is commonly used at concentration of 10 mM. Kynurenic acid sodium salt from Hello Bio rapidly inhibits both NMDA and AMPA mediated spontaneous and evoked EPSCs at concentrations of 10 mM. For assay protocol, see #Protocol 1 in Application Notes below.
Inhibition of AMPA and NMDA mediated responses by kynurenic acid
Kynurenic acid is commonly used as an AMPA/NMDA receptor antagonist. Kynurenic acid is commonly used at concentration of 10 mM. Kynurenic acid sodium salt from Hello Bio rapidly inhibits both NMDA and AMPA mediated spontaneous and evoked EPSCs at concentrations of 10 mM. For assay protocol, see #Protocol 1 in Application Notes below.
Figure 2. Percentage inhibiton of glutamate (30 µM) stimulated increase of Ca2+ fluorescence in HEK293 cells expressing GluK2
See Alt et al., 2004 for methodology and protocol
Kynurenic acid sodium salt: Scientist Approved
Kynurenic acid sodium salt product vial image | Hello Bio
Figure 1. Kynurenic acid sodium salt inhibition of evoked NMDAR mediated EPSCs in mouse cortical neuron
Kynurenic acid is commonly used as an AMPA/NMDA receptor antagonist. Kynurenic acid is commonly used at concentration of 10 mM. Kynurenic acid sodium salt from Hello Bio rapidly inhibits both NMDA and AMPA mediated spontaneous and evoked EPSCs at concentrations of 10 mM. For assay protocol, see #Protocol 1 in Application Notes below.
Inhibition of AMPA and NMDA mediated responses by kynurenic acid
Kynurenic acid is commonly used as an AMPA/NMDA receptor antagonist. Kynurenic acid is commonly used at concentration of 10 mM. Kynurenic acid sodium salt from Hello Bio rapidly inhibits both NMDA and AMPA mediated spontaneous and evoked EPSCs at concentrations of 10 mM. For assay protocol, see #Protocol 1 in Application Notes below.
Figure 2. Percentage inhibiton of glutamate (30 µM) stimulated increase of Ca2+ fluorescence in HEK293 cells expressing GluK2
See Alt et al., 2004 for methodology and protocol
Kynurenic acid sodium salt: Scientist Approved
Kynurenic acid sodium salt product vial image | Hello Bio
Biological Data
| Biological description | Endogenous, non-selective ionotropic glutamate receptor antagonist which acts as a non-competitive glycine site NMDAR antagonist. Also an α7 nicotinic receptor antagonist and GPR35 ligand. Sodium salt. Blocks kainic acid neurotoxicity and displays neuroprotective, antiproliferative and antimigrative properties. |
| Application notes | Kynurenic acid is commonly used as an AMPA/NMDA receptor antagonist. Kynurenic acid is commonly used at concentration of 10mM. Kynurenic acid from Hello Bio rapidly inhibits both NMDA and AMPA mediated spontaneous and evoked EPSCs at concentrations of 10mM (see Fig 1 above).
#Protocol 1: Evoked NMDA receptor currents
|
Solubility & Handling
| Storage instructions | Room temperature (desiccate) |
| Solubility overview | Soluble in water (100mM) or DMSO (50mM) |
| Important | This product is for RESEARCH USE ONLY and is not intended for therapeutic or diagnostic use. Not for human or veterinary use. |
Chemical Data
| Purity | >98% |
| Chemical name | 4-Hydroxyquinoline-2-carboxylic acid sodium salt |
| Molecular Weight | 211.15 |
| Chemical structure | ![Kynurenic acid sodium salt [2439-02-3] Chemical Structure](https://cdn.hellobio.com/media/catalog/product//h/b/hb0363.png "Kynurenic acid sodium salt [2439-02-3]") |
| Molecular Formula | C10H6NNaO3 |
| CAS Number | 2439-02-3 |
| PubChem identifier | 52974250 |
| SMILES | C1=CC=C2C(=C1)C(=O)C=C(N2)C(=O)[O-].[Na+] |
| Source | Synthetic |
| InChi | InChI=1S/C10H7NO3.Na/c12-9-5-8(10(13)14)11-7-4-2-1-3-6(7)9;/h1-5H,(H,11,12)(H,13,14);/q;+1/p-1 |
| InChiKey | RCAZGXKUQDXSSK-UHFFFAOYSA-M |
| MDL number | MFCD00006753 |
| Appearance | Pale solid |
Technical guides
Understanding purity and quality - a guide for life scientistsReferences for Kynurenic acid sodium salt
References are publications that support the biological activity of the product
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Kynurenic acid inhibits proliferation and migration of human glioblastoma T98G cells.
Walczak K et al (2014) Pharmacol Rep 66(1) : 130-6. -
Pharmacological characterization of glutamatergic agonists and antagonists at recombinant human homomeric and heteromeric kainate receptors in vitro.
Alt et al (2004) Neuropharmacology 46(6) : 793-806 -
6-Hydroxykynurenic acid and kynurenic acid differently antagonise AMPA and NMDA receptors in hippocampal neurones.
Weber M et al (2001) J Neurochem 77(4) : 1108-15. -
Kynurenate is neuroprotective following experimental brain injury in the rat.
Hicks RR et al (1994) Brain Res 655(1-2) : 91-6.
Publications
These publications cite the use of Kynurenic acid sodium salt purchased from Hello Bio:
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Centrally expressed Cav3. 2 T-type calcium channel is critical for the initiation and maintenance of neuropathic pain
Leresche et al (2022) Biorxiv : https://doi.org/10.1101/2022.04.27.489708 -
Pathway-Specific Depression of Lateral Inhibition by Dopamine Requires Serotonin Receptors in the Nucleus Accumbens
Burke et al et al (2021) Cell Reports 55 -
Graphene oxide nanosheets modulate spinal glutamatergic transmission and modify locomotor behaviour in an in vivo zebrafish model
Cellot G et al (2020) Nanoscale Horiz 5(8) : 1250-1263PubMedID: 32558850 -
GIRK1-Mediated Inwardly Rectifying Potassium Current Is a Candidate Mechanism Behind Purkinje Cell Excitability, Plasticity, and Neuromodulation
Lippiello P et al (2020) Cerebellum 19(6) : 751-761PubMedID: 32617840 -
Pharmacological activation of mGlu5 receptors with the positive allosteric modulator VU0360172, modulates thalamic GABAergic transmission
Celli R et al (2020) Neuropharmacology 178 : 108240PubMedID: 32768418
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