Product overview
Name | Tetrodotoxin (citrate free) |
Description | Potent, selective, use-dependent Na+ channel blocker. Citrate free. |
Alternative names | TTX |
Purity | >99% |
Customer comments | Just washed the Tetrodotoxin (TTX) on and it works as expected (it inhibits the fibre volley at 1 μM).Verified customer, The University of Bristol Tetrodotoxin (citrate free) is a wonderful product. Very efficient and very effective in blocking sodium channels.Verified customer, Drexel University College of Medicine |
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Biological Data
Biological description | Potent, selective and reversible, voltage dependent Na+ channel blocker. Use dependent. Commonly used in electrophysiological preparations to block or reduce excitability. Water soluble, Tetrodotoxin citrate also available. |
Application notes | Tetrodotoxin is commonly used in electrophysiology to block excitability by inhibiting action potential firing within neurons. It is commonly applied at concentrations of 1 μM. Tetrodotoxin from Hello Bio works as expected and blocks action potential firing (see Fig 1 and 2 above).
#Protocol 1: Effect of TTX citrate on action potentials in mouse cortical neurons
#Protocol 2: Effect of TTX citrate on EPSPs and action potential firing in mouse cortical neurons
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Solubility & Handling
Storage instructions | -20°C (desiccate) |
Solubility overview | Soluble in acidic buffer (pH 4.8) to 3mM |
Important | This product is for RESEARCH USE ONLY and is not intended for therapeutic or diagnostic use. Not for human or veterinary use. |
Chemical Data
Chemical name | Octahydro-12-(hydroxymethyl)-2-imin o-5,9:7,10a-dimethano-10aH-[1,3]dioxocino[6,5-d]py rimidine-4,7,10,11,12-pentol |
Molecular Weight | 319.27 |
Chemical structure | |
Molecular Formula | C11H17N3O8 |
CAS Number | 4368-28-9 |
PubChem identifier | 4490623 |
SMILES | C(C1(C2C3C(N=C(NC34C(C1OC(C4O)(O2)O)O)N)O)O)O |
Source | Extracted from fugu |
InChi | InChI=1S/C11H17N3O8/c12-8-13-6(17)2-4-9(19,1-15)5-3(16)10(2,14-8)7(18)11(20,21-4)22-5/h2-7,15-20H,1H2,(H3,12,13,14) |
InChiKey | CFMYXEVWODSLAX-UHFFFAOYSA-N |
References for Tetrodotoxin (citrate free)
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Tetrodotoxin: chemistry, toxicity, source, distribution and detection.
Bane V et al (2014) Toxins (Basel) 6(2) : 693-755. -
Antagonistic effects of tetrodotoxin on aconitine-induced cardiac toxicity.
Ono T et al (2013) J Nippon Med Sch 80(5) : 350-61. -
Tetrodotoxin for moderate to severe cancer pain: a randomized, double blind, parallel design multicenter study.
Hagen NA et al (2008) J Pain Symptom Manage 35(4) : 420-9. -
The protective action of tetrodotoxin and (+/-)-kavain on anaerobic glycolysis, ATP content and intracellular Na+ and Ca2+ of anoxic brain vesicles.
Gleitz J et al (1996) Neuropharmacology 35(12) : 1743-52.
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Serotonin sensing by microglia conditions the proper development of neuronal circuits and of social and adaptive skills
Roumier et al (2022) Biorxiv : https://doi.org/10.1101/2022.03.09.483609 -
A cellular approach to understanding and treating Gulf War Illness
Yates PL et al (2021) Cell Mol Life Sci 78(21-22) : 6941-6961PubMedID: 34580742 -
Molecular and Circuit Architecture of Social Hierarchy
Nelson et al. (2019) bioRxiv preprint : 1-89 -
PSD-95 deficiency disrupts PFC-associated function and behavior during neurodevelopment
Coley AA et al (2019) Sci Rep. 9(1) : 9486PubMedID: 31263190